Gum disease and your whole body: diabetes, heart and pregnancy

Gum disease (periodontitis) is a long-lasting inflammation around the teeth. It often starts quietly with bleeding gums and, without treatment, slowly destroys the bone that holds the teeth. Researchers have also found clear links between gum health and the rest of the body.

Diabetes: a two-way street

This is the strongest link. People with diabetes, especially when blood sugar is poorly controlled, develop gum disease more often and more severely. And active gum disease makes blood sugar harder to control. Studies show that treating gum disease can modestly improve blood sugar levels. If you have diabetes, regular cleanings every three to six months are part of good care.

Heart and blood vessels

People with gum disease have higher rates of heart and blood-vessel disease. This is an association — it does not prove that gums cause heart attacks — but the ongoing inflammation is thought to play a role. Healthy gums are one more good reason to look after yourself. If you take blood thinners, always tell your dentist before any procedure.

Pregnancy

Hormones make gums bleed more easily during pregnancy. Severe gum disease has been associated with early birth and low birth weight. Check-ups and cleanings are safe and recommended during pregnancy — read dental care in pregnancy.

Warning signs

• Gums that bleed when brushing or flossing
• Red, swollen or tender gums
• Bad breath that does not go away
• Gums that are shrinking, or teeth that feel loose

What helps

Gentle brushing twice a day, cleaning between the teeth daily, not smoking and a professional cleaning. Check your gums in two minutes with our gum health check, then book a visit at DR. ELAF Dental Clinic in Erbil.